Maharashtra has several state symbols that represent its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. One of the most fascinating among them is the Indian Giant Squirrel (Shekru), which is officially recognized as the Maharashtra’s State Animal. This unique and colorful squirrel is known for its large size, vibrant fur colors, and acrobatic skills in dense forest canopies. In this article, we will explore everything about Shekru – its characteristics, habitat, importance, and conservation efforts.
Physical Characteristics and Habitat – Maharashtra’s State Animal
The Indian Giant Squirrel, scientifically known as Ratufa indica, is one of the largest squirrel species in the world. Here’s a quick look at its key characteristics:
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| Size | About 36 cm (14 in) in body length, with the tail adding another 2 feet. |
| Weight | Ranges from 1.5 to 2 kg (3.3 to 4.4 lbs). |
| Fur Color | Vivid and multi-colored, typically with shades of brown, beige, black, orange, and purple. |
| Habitat | Prefers deciduous, mixed deciduous, and moist evergreen forests, mainly in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra. |
Behavior and Diet
The Indian Giant Squirrel is known for its elusive nature and arboreal lifestyle. It rarely descends to the ground and spends most of its life in the treetops. Its diet primarily consists of fruits, flowers, nuts, and tree bark. This diet, rich in forest produce, underlines the importance of conserving its natural habitat.
Conservation Status
While the Indian Giant Squirrel is currently listed as ‘Least Concern’ by the IUCN, it faces threats from habitat loss due to deforestation and human encroachment. Conservation efforts in Maharashtra focus on preserving the forests of the Western Ghats, which are crucial for the survival of this species.
Cultural Significance
In Maharashtra, the Shekru holds a place of pride and is often featured in local folklore and tribal art. Its selection as the state animal underscores the state’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage and promoting wildlife conservation.
Scientific Classification & Features
- Scientific Name: Ratufa indica
- Size: Can grow up to 3 feet long (including the tail)
- Weight: Around 1.5–2 kg
- Color: A mix of brown, black, cream, and reddish tones
- Lifespan: Approximately 20 years in the wild
- Unique Feature: Unlike regular squirrels, Shekru is arboreal, meaning it spends most of its life on trees and rarely comes to the ground.
Habitat & Distribution
The Indian Giant Squirrel is primarily found in Maharashtra’s dense forests. Some key locations where it thrives include:
✅ Bhīmagarh Wildlife Sanctuary
✅ Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve
✅ Melghat Tiger Reserve
✅ Western Ghats and Sahyadri Hills
This species prefers moist deciduous and evergreen forests, where it can easily jump between tall trees.
Interesting Facts About Shekru
🔹 It jumps up to 20 feet between tree branches!
🔹 It has excellent eyesight and a strong sense of smell.
🔹 Unlike regular squirrels, Shekru makes large nests (dreys) on treetops.
🔹 It is found only in India!
Which is the state animal of Maharashtra?
Giant Squirrel is the state animal of Maharashtra.
Conclusion
The Indian Giant Squirrel is more than just a state symbol for Maharashtra; it is a living representation of the state’s ecological wealth and commitment to conservation. Efforts to protect this species and its habitat are crucial for maintaining the ecological balance and ensuring that future generations can also marvel at this magnificent creature.
This article offers a glimpse into the life and significance of Maharashtra’s state animal, highlighting the need for continued conservation efforts to protect these unique creatures and their habitats.